Study on the torso region of the skeleton.

This includes the:

• Vertebral column

• Shoulder girdle

• Ribs

• Pelvis

The ribs totalling 12 pairs (24 individual Ribs) are connected directly to the 12 vertebrae of the Thoracic region of the spine.

• Of the 12 pairs the top most 7 are known as the ‘true ribs’ as they connect directly through the costal cartilage to the body of the sternum.

• Ribs 8, 9 and 10 are known as the ‘false ribs’ due as they connect via the cartilage of the 7th rib pairing to create the Thoracic arch.

• Ribs 11 and 12 are known as the floating ribs as they do not connect in anyway to the rest of the ribcage.

The Pelvis is made up 2 hip bones and the Sacrum.

• The hip bones are formed form 3 fused bones.

  • The Illium

  • Ischium

  • Pubis bones.

The Shoulder girdle is built up of the Clavicular bone which connects via the ‘manubrium’ of the sternum and wraps over the shoulders to the scapula (shoulderblades).